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Window Maker Compilation and Installation
~ A guide to configure, compile and install ~
~ Window Maker from sources. ~
-- The Window Maker Team --
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This manual is for Window Maker window manager, version 0.96.0.
Copyright (c) 2015 The Window Maker Team.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program, see file COPYING for details.
Published by The Window Maker team on 8 June 2026.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
1.1 Supported Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
1.2 Software Dependencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
1.3 Special Dependencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
1.4 Optional Dependencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
2 Building Window Maker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
2.1 Getting the Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
2.2 Build and Install . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
2.3 User specific configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
2.4 Locales/Internationalisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
2.5 Configure Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
2.5.1 Installation Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
2.5.2 External Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
2.5.3 X11 and Extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458
2.5.4 Feature Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511
2.5.5 Developer Stuff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560
3 Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 598
3.1 Platform Specific Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 602
3.2 I don't have the root password :( . . . . . . . . . . . . 647
3.3 Upgrading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666
4 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676
4.1 Error with loading fonts, even if they exist . . . . . . 684
4.2 configure doesn't detect libtiff, or other graphic librari 694
4.3 configure doesn't detect libXpm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708
4.4 Segmentation fault on startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 714
4.5 "...: your machine is misconfigured. gethostname() returne 726
4.6 The root menu contains only 2 entries. ("XTerm" and "Exit. 733
1 Prerequisites
***************
1.1 Supported Platforms
=======================
- Intel GNU/Linux Systems in general, ix86 and x86_64 but other
architectures should work
- BSD systems
- Solaris, at least on release 10 and 11
Patches to make it work on other platforms are welcome.
1.2 Software Dependencies
=========================
The following software is required to use Window Maker:
- X11R6.x
Window Maker can be compiled in older versions of X, like X11R5
(Solaris) or X11R4 (OpenWindows) but it will not work 100% correctly.
In such servers there will not be application icons and you'll have
trouble using the dock. Upgrading the client libraries (Xlib, Xt, etc.)
will help if you can't upgrade the server.
The following is required to build Window Maker:
- Basic obvious stuff
* gcc (or some other ANSI C compiler, supporting some C99 extensions)
* glibc development files (usually "glibc-devel" in Linux
distributions)
* X development files ("XFree86-devel" or something similar)
- Xft2 and its dependencies
Dependencies include freetype2 and fontconfig. You will also need the
development files for them ("xft2-devel"). Sources are available at:
http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/Xft/
*Note*: Window Maker is known to compile with gcc and clang; the code source
is mostly ANSI C (also known as C89 and C90) but is uses very few of the C99
novelties; it also uses a few attributes introduced in the C11 standard but
those are detected automatically, so most compilers should work.
1.3 Special Dependencies
========================
If you want to compile using the sources from the git repository instead of
the distribution package, you will also need:
* git
* autoconf 2.69
* automake 1.12
* libtool 1.4.2
1.4 Optional Dependencies
=========================
These libraries are not required to make Window Maker work, but they are
supported in case you want to use them. Version numbers are indicative, but
other versions might work too.
- libXPM 4.7 or newer
Older versions may not work!
Available from http://xlibs.freedesktop.org/release/
There is built-in support for XPM files, but it will not load images in
some uncommon encodings.
- libpng 0.96 or newer and zlib
For PNG image support, http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html
- libtiff 3.4 or newer
For TIFF image support, http://www.libtiff.org/
- libjpeg 6.0.1 or newer
For JPEG image support, http://www.ijg.org/
Note that if you don't have it, 'configure' will issue a big warning in
the end, this is because JPEG images are often used in themes and for
background images so you probably want this format supported.
- libgif 2.2 or libungif
For GIF image support, http://giflib.sourceforge.net/
- WebP 0.4.1 or newer
The reference library from Google for their image format,
https://developers.google.com/speed/webp/download
- GNU xgettext
If you want to use translated messages, you will need GNU gettext.
Other versions of gettext are not compatible and will not work. Get the
GNU version from http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/
- Pango 1.36.8 or newer
This library can be used by the WINGs toolkit to improve support for
UTF-8 and for languages written in right-to-left direction, in some
widgets. If detected, it will be automatically used; you may request
explicit support/ignore through (see section [Configure Options], at
line 332). You can get it from http://www.pango.org/Download
- libbsd
This library can be used by the WINGs utility library to make use of
'strlcat' and 'strlcpy' instead of using built-in functions if your
system does not provide them in its core libc. You should let Window
Maker's 'configure' detect this for you. You can get it from
http://libbsd.freedesktop.org/wiki/
- Inotify
If you have Linux's inotify support, Window Maker will use it to check
for configuration updates instead of polling regularly the file. The
needed header comes with the kernel, typical packages names include:
* "kernel-headers" for Slackware and Fedora
* "linux-userspace-headers" for Mageia
* "linux-libc-dev" for Debian and Ubuntu
* "linux-glibc-devel" for OpenSuSE
- MagickWand 6.8.9-9 or newer
If found, then the library WRaster can use the ImageMagick library to
let Window Maker support more image formats, like SVG, BMP, TGA, ...
You can get it from http://www.imagemagick.org/
- Boehm GC
This library can be used by the WINGs utility toolkit to use a
Boehm-Demers-Weiser Garbage Collector instead of the traditional
'malloc'/'free' functions from the libc. You have to explicitly ask for
its support though (see section [Configure Options], at line 332).
You can get it from http://www.hboehm.info/gc/
2 Building Window Maker
***********************
2.1 Getting the Sources
=======================
The latest version of Window Maker (-crm) can be downloaded from
http://www.windowmaker.org/
Alternatively, the development branch, called #next is in the git
repository at http://repo.or.cz/w/wmaker-crm.git
If you want to use the git versions, you can get it with:
git clone -b next git://repo.or.cz/wmaker-crm.git
then, assuming you have the dependencies listed in section [Special
Dependencies], at line 122, you have to type:
./autogen.sh
to generate the configuration script.
2.2 Build and Install
=====================
For a quick start, type the following in your shell prompt:
./configure
make
then, login as root and type:
make install
ldconfig
or if you want to strip the debugging symbols from the binaries to make them
smaller, you can type instead:
make install-strip
ldconfig
This will build and install Window Maker with default parameters.
If you want to customise some compile-time options, you can do the
following:
1. (optional) Look at the section [Configure Options], at line 332, for
the options available. Also run:
./configure --help
to get a complete list of options that are available.
2. Run configure with the options you want. For example, if you want to
use the '--enable-modelock' option, type:
./configure --enable-modelock
3. (optional) Edit "src/wconfig.h" with your favourite text editor and
browse through it for some options you might want to change.
4. Compile. Just type:
make
5. Login as root (if you can't do that, read the section [I don't have the
root password], at line 647) and install Window Maker in your system:
su root
make install
2.3 User specific configuration
===============================
These instructions do not need to be followed when upgrading Window Maker
from an older version, unless stated differently in the NEWS file.
Every user on your system that wishes to run Window Maker must do the
following:
1. Install Window Maker configuration files in your home directory. Type:
wmaker.inst
'wmaker.inst' will install Window Maker configuration files and will
setup X to automatically launch Window Maker at startup.
That's it!
You can type 'man wmaker' to get some general help for configuration and
other stuff.
Read the User Guide for a more in-depth explanation of Window Maker.
You might want to take a look at the FAQ too.
2.4 Locales/Internationalisation
================================
Window Maker has national language support. The procedure to enable national
language support is described in the dedicated section [Enabling Languages
support] in "README.i18n".
2.5 Configure Options
=====================
These options can be passed to the configure script to enable/disable some
Window Maker features. Example:
./configure --enable-modelock --disable-gif
will configure Window Maker with modelock supported and disable gif
support. Normally, you won't need any of them.
To get the list of all options, run './configure --help'
2.5.1 Installation Directory
----------------------------
The default installation path will be in the "/usr/local" hierarchy; a
number of option can customise this:
'--prefix=_PREFIX_'
'--exec-prefix=_EPREFIX_'
'--bindir=_DIR_'
'--sysconfdir=_DIR_'
'--libdir=_DIR_'
'--includedir=_DIR_'
'--datarootdir=_DIR_'
'--datadir=_DIR_'
'--localedir=_DIR_'
'--mandir=_DIR_'
Standard options from autoconf to define target paths, you probably
want to read section [Installation Names] in "INSTALL".
'--sbindir=_DIR_'
'--libexecdir=_DIR_'
'--sharedstatedir=_DIR_'
'--localstatedir=_DIR_'
'--oldincludedir=_DIR_'
'--infodir=_DIR_'
'--docdir=_DIR_'
'--htmldir=_DIR_'
'--dvidir=_DIR_'
'--pdfdir=_DIR_'
'--psdir=_DIR_'
More standard options from autoconf, today these are not used by Window
Maker; they are provided automatically by autoconf for consistency.
'--with-gnustepdir=_PATH_'
Specific to Window Maker, defines the directory where "WPrefs.app" will
be installed, if you want to install it like a GNUstep applications. If
not specified, it will be installed like usual programs.
'--with-pixmapdir=_DIR_'
Specific to Window Maker, this option defines an additional path where
pixmaps will be searched. Nothing will be installed there; the default
path taken is "DATADIR/pixmaps", where 'DATADIR' is the path defined
from '--datadir'.
'--with-pkgconfdir=_DIR_'
Specific to Window Maker, defines the directory where system
configuration files, e.g., "WindowMaker", "WMRootMenu", etc., are
installed. The default value is "SYSCONFDIR/WindowMaker", where
'SYSCONFDIR' is the path defined from '--sysconfdir'.
2.5.2 External Libraries
------------------------
Unless specifically written, 'configure' will try to detect automatically
for the libraries; if you explicitly provide '--enable-FEATURE' then it will
break with an error message if the library cannot be linked; if you specify
'--disable-FEATURE' then it will not try to search for the library. You can
find more information about the libraries in the section [Optional
Dependencies], at line 134.
'--enable-boehm-gc'
Never enabled by default, use Boehm GC instead of the default libc
'malloc()'
'--disable-gif'
Disable GIF support in WRaster library; when enabled use "libgif" or
"libungif".
'--disable-jpeg'
Disable JPEG support in WRaster library; when enabled use "libjpeg".
'--without-libbsd'
Refuse use of the "libbsd" compatibility library in WINGs utility
library, even if your system provides it.
'--disable-magick'
Disable ImageMagick's MagickWand support in WRaster, used to support
for image formats.
'--disable-pango'
Disable Pango text layout support in WINGs.
'--disable-png'
Disable PNG support in WRaster; when enabled use "libpng".
'--disable-tiff'
Disable TIFF support in WRaster. when enabled use "libtiff".
'--disable-webp'
Disable WEBP support in WRaster. when enabled use "libwebp".
'--disable-xpm'
Disable use of "libXpm" for XPM support in WRaster, use internal code
instead.
The following options can be used to tell 'configure' about extra paths
that needs to be used when compiling against libraries:
'--with-libs-from'
specify additional paths for libraries to be searched. The '-L' flag
must precede each path, like:
--with-libs-from="-L/opt/libs -L/usr/local/lib"
'--with-incs-from'
specify additional paths for header files to be searched. The '-I' flag
must precede each paths, like:
--with-incs-from="-I/opt/headers -I/usr/local/include"
2.5.3 X11 and Extensions
------------------------
'configure' will try to detect automatically the compilation paths for X11
headers and libraries, and which X Extensions support can be enabled. if you
explicitly provide '--enable-FEATURE' then it will break with an error
message if the extension cannot be used; if you specify '--disable-FEATURE'
then it will not check for the extension.
'--x-includes=_DIR_'
'--x-libraries=_DIR_'
Autoconf's option to specify search paths for X11, for the case were it
would not have been able to detect it automatically.
'--disable-xlocale'
If you activated support for Native Languages, then X11 may use a hack
to also configure its locale support when the program configure the
locale for itself. The 'configure' script detects if the Xlib supports
this or not; this options explicitly disable this initialisation
mechanism.
'--enable-modelock'
XKB language status lock support. If you don't know what it is you
probably don't need it. The default is to not enable it.
'--disable-shm'
Disable use of the MIT shared memory extension. This will slow down
texture generation a little bit, but in some cases it seems to be
necessary due to a bug that manifests as messed icons and textures.
'--disable-res'
Disables support for XRes resource window extension support. Which is
used to find the underlying processes (and PIDs) displaying the
windows.
'--disable-shape'
Disables support for shaped windows (for 'oclock', 'xeyes', etc.).
'--enable-xinerama'
The Xinerama extension provides information about the different screens
connected when running a multi-head setting (if you plug more than one
monitor).
'--enable-randr'
The RandR extension provides feedback when changing the
multiple-monitor configuration in X11 and allows to re-configure how
screens are organised.
At current time, it is not enabled by default because it is NOT
recommended (buggy); Window Maker only restart itself when the
configuration change, to take into account the new screen size.
2.5.4 Feature Selection
-----------------------
'--disable-animations'
Disable animations permanently, by not compiling the corresponding code
into Window Maker. When enabled (the default), you still have a
run-time configuration option in WPrefs.
'--disable-mwm-hints'
Disable support for Motif's MWM Window Manager hints. These attributes
were introduced by the Motif toolkit to ask for special window
appearance requests. Nowadays this is covered by the NetWM/EWMH
specification, but there are still applications that rely on MWM Hints.
'--enable-wmreplace'
Add support for the ICCCM protocol for cooperative window manager
replacement. This feature is disabled by default because you probably
don't need to switch seamlessly the window manager; if you are making a
package for a distribution you'd probably want to enable this because
it allows users to give a try to different window managers without
restarting everything for an extra cost that is not really big.
'--disable-xdnd'
Disable support for dragging and dropping files on the dock, which
launches a user-specified command with that file. Starting from version
0.65.6 this feature is enabled by default.
'--enable-ld-version-script'
This feature is auto-detected, and you should not use this option. When
compiling a library ("wrlib", ...), gcc has the possibility to filter
the list of functions that will be visible, to keep only the public
API, because it helps running programs faster.
The 'configure' script checks if this feature is available; if you
specify this option it will not check anymore and blindly trust you
that it is supposed to work, which is not a good idea as you may
encounter problems later when compiling.
'--enable-usermenu'
This feature, disabled by default, allows to add a user-defined custom
menu to applications; when choosing an entry of the menu it will send
the key combination defined by the user to that application. See
section [Application User Menu] in "NEWS" for more information.
'--with-menu-textdomain=_DOMAIN_'
Selection of the domain used for translation of the menus; see section
[Translations for Menus] in "README.i18n".
2.5.5 Developer Stuff
---------------------
These options are disabled by default:
'--config-cache'
If you intend to re-run the 'configure' script often, you probably want
to include this option, so it will save and re-use the status of what
have been detected in the file "config.cache".
'--enable-debug'
Enable debugging features (debug symbol, some extra verbosity and
checks) and add a number of check flags (warnings) for the compiler (in
gcc fashion).
'--enable-lcov=_DIRECTORY_'
Enable generation of code coverage and profiling data; if the
"_DIRECTORY_" is not specified, use "coverage-report".
This option was meant to be use with gcc; it was not used recently so
it is probable that is does not work anymore; the 'configure' script
will not even check that your compiling environment has the appropriate
requirements and works with this. Despite all this, if you think
there's a use for it and feel in the mood to help, do not hesitate to
discuss on the mailing list <wmaker-dev@googlegroups.com> to get it
working.
'--with-web-repo=_PATH_'
Enable generation of HTML documentation to be uploaded to Window
Maker's website. The "_PATH_" is the directory where you have cloned
the homepage's repository.
When enabled, the command 'make website' generates a few HTML pages and
copy them into the specified directory, then you can commit them to
publish on the web site. You should not do that, it is handled by the
development team.
3 Miscellaneous
***************
3.1 Platform Specific Notes
===========================
- GNU/Linux in general
Make sure you have "/usr/local/lib" in "/etc/ld.so.conf" and that you
run 'ldconfig' after installing. Uninstall any packaged version of
Window Maker before installing a new version.
- RedHat GNU/Linux
RedHat systems have several annoying problems. If you use it, be sure
to follow the steps below or Window Maker will not work:
* if you installed the Window Maker that comes with RedHat, uninstall
it before upgrading;
* make sure you have "/usr/local/bin" in your 'PATH' environment
variable;
* make sure you have "/usr/local/lib" in "/etc/ld.so.conf" before
running 'ldconfig';
- PowerPC MkLinux
You will need to have the latest version of Xpmac. Older versions seem
to have bugs that cause the system to hang.
- Debian GNU/Linux
If you want JPEG and TIFF support, make sure you have "libtiff-dev" and
"libjpeg-dev" installed.
- SuSE GNU/Linux
If you installed the Window Maker package from SuSE, uninstall it
before trying to compile Window Maker or you might have problems.
- MetroX (unknown version)
MetroX has a bug that corrupts pixmaps that are set as window
backgrounds. If you use MetroX and have weird problems with textures,
do not use textures in title bars. Or use a different X server.
3.2 I don't have the root password :(
=====================================
If you can't get superuser privileges (can't be _root_) you can install
Window Maker in your own home directory. For that, supply the '--prefix'
option when running configure in step 2 of building Window Maker. You will
also need to supply the '--with-gnustepdir' option, to specify the path for
'WPrefs.app'. Example:
./configure --prefix=/home/jshmoe --with-gnustepdir=/home/jshmoe/GNUstep/Applications
Then make "/home/jshmoe/bin" be included in your search 'PATH', add
"/home/jshmoe/lib" to your 'LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment variable and run
'bin/wmaker.inst'
Of course, "/home/jshmoe" is supposed to be replaced by your actual home
directory path.
3.3 Upgrading
=============
If you are upgrading from an older version of Window Maker:
1. Configure and build Window Maker as always
2. Install Window Maker (but do not run 'wmaker.inst')
3. Read the NEWS file and update your configuration files if necessary.
4 Troubleshooting
*****************
When you have some trouble during configuration (while running configure),
like not being able to use a graphic format library you think you have
installed, look at the "config.log" file for clues of the problem.
4.1 Error with loading fonts, even if they exist
================================================
This is probably a problem with NLS (Native Language Support), you probably
want to look at the section [Troubleshooting] in "README.i18n" or try
rebuilding without NLS support, which is done with:
./configure LINGUAS=""
4.2 configure doesn't detect libtiff, or other graphic libraries
================================================================
Delete "config.cache", then rerun configure adding the following options to
'configure' (among the other options you use):
--with-libs-from="-L/usr/local/lib"
--with-incs-from="-I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/tiff"
Put the paths where your graphic libs and their corresponding header
files are located. You can put multiple paths in any of these options, as
the example of '--with-incs-from' shows. Just put a space between them.
4.3 configure doesn't detect libXpm
===================================
Check if you have a symbolic link from "libXpm.so.4.9" to "libXpm.so"
4.4 Segmentation fault on startup
=================================
* Check if the version of libXPM you have is at least 4.7
* Check if you have an updated version of
"~/GNUstep/Defaults/WindowMaker"
If you're not sure, try renaming "~/GNUstep" to "~/GNUtmp" and then run
'wmaker.inst'
4.5 "...: your machine is misconfigured. gethostname() returned (none)"
=======================================================================
the host name of your machine is set to something invalid, that starts with
a parenthesis. Do a 'man hostname' for info about how to set it.
4.6 The root menu contains only 2 entries. ("XTerm" and "Exit...")
==================================================================
Window Maker could not read your menu definition file. You should check the
output of 'wmaker' for an error, it may be visible in the console or in the
".xsession-errors" file.
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