diff --git a/pkg/backend/anthropic.go b/pkg/backend/anthropic.go
index 265022d..68e6238 100644
--- a/pkg/backend/anthropic.go
+++ b/pkg/backend/anthropic.go
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ type AnthropicBackend struct {
 
 func NewAnthropic(apiKey string) (*AnthropicBackend, error) {
 	u, _ := url.Parse("https://api.anthropic.com")
-	b := &AnthropicBackend{apiKey: apiKey, client: &http.Client{}, BaseURL: u}
+	b := &AnthropicBackend{apiKey: apiKey, client: SharedClient("anthropic:" + u.String()), BaseURL: u}
 	b.model = b.DefaultModel()
 	return b, nil
 }
diff --git a/pkg/backend/codewhisperer.go b/pkg/backend/codewhisperer.go
index d132853..372301a 100644
--- a/pkg/backend/codewhisperer.go
+++ b/pkg/backend/codewhisperer.go
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func NewCodeWhisperer(apiKey string) (*CodeWhispererBackend, error) {
 	b := &CodeWhispererBackend{
 		authSource:  authSource,
 		authInitErr: err,
-		httpClient:  &http.Client{},
+		httpClient:  SharedClient("kiro:https://codewhisperer.us-east-1.amazonaws.com"),
 	}
 	b.model = b.DefaultModel()
 	return b, nil
diff --git a/pkg/backend/copilot.go b/pkg/backend/copilot.go
index 0876175..997eb09 100644
--- a/pkg/backend/copilot.go
+++ b/pkg/backend/copilot.go
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package backend
 
 import (
-	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
 )
 
@@ -13,7 +12,7 @@ func NewCopilot(token string) (*OpenAIBackend, error) {
 		name:       "copilot",
 		baseURL:    u,
 		apiKey:     token,
-		client:     &http.Client{},
+		client:     SharedClient("copilot:" + u.String()),
 		pathPrefix: "/",
 		extraHeaders: map[string]string{
 			"Openai-Intent": "conversation-edits",
diff --git a/pkg/backend/ollama.go b/pkg/backend/ollama.go
index e79eff1..b35a4bd 100644
--- a/pkg/backend/ollama.go
+++ b/pkg/backend/ollama.go
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func NewOllama(baseURL string) (*OllamaBackend, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid base URL: %w", err)
 	}
-	b := &OllamaBackend{baseURL: u, client: &http.Client{}}
+	b := &OllamaBackend{baseURL: u, client: SharedClient("ollama:" + u.String())}
 	b.model = b.DefaultModel()
 	return b, nil
 }
diff --git a/pkg/backend/openai.go b/pkg/backend/openai.go
index 37aebc9..a7745ca 100644
--- a/pkg/backend/openai.go
+++ b/pkg/backend/openai.go
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func NewOpenAI(name, baseURL, apiKey string) (*OpenAIBackend, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid base URL: %w", err)
 	}
-	b := &OpenAIBackend{name: name, baseURL: u, apiKey: apiKey, client: &http.Client{}}
+	b := &OpenAIBackend{name: name, baseURL: u, apiKey: apiKey, client: SharedClient(name + ":" + u.String())}
 	b.model = b.DefaultModel()
 	return b, nil
 }
diff --git a/pkg/backend/pool.go b/pkg/backend/pool.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c389a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/backend/pool.go
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+// Package backend — shared HTTP transport pool.
+//
+// SharedTransport returns a per-host *http.Transport that all backend instances
+// targeting the same base URL share. This enables HTTP/2 multiplexing: multiple
+// concurrent ChatStream calls share a single TLS connection to the same host.
+package backend
+
+import (
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+var (
+	transportsMu sync.Mutex
+	transports   = make(map[string]*http.Transport)
+)
+
+// SharedTransport returns a shared *http.Transport for the given host key.
+// The key should be "backend:baseURL" (e.g. "anthropic:https://api.anthropic.com").
+// All callers sharing the same key share the same underlying TCP+TLS connections.
+func SharedTransport(key string) *http.Transport {
+	transportsMu.Lock()
+	defer transportsMu.Unlock()
+
+	if t, ok := transports[key]; ok {
+		return t
+	}
+
+	t := &http.Transport{
+		ForceAttemptHTTP2:   true,
+		MaxIdleConnsPerHost: 4,
+		IdleConnTimeout:     5 * time.Minute,
+		TLSHandshakeTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
+		// No ResponseHeaderTimeout — streaming responses have no header deadline.
+		DialContext: (&net.Dialer{
+			Timeout:   10 * time.Second,
+			KeepAlive: 30 * time.Second,
+		}).DialContext,
+		TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{
+			MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS12,
+		},
+	}
+	transports[key] = t
+	return t
+}
+
+// SharedClient returns an *http.Client backed by the shared transport for key.
+func SharedClient(key string) *http.Client {
+	return &http.Client{Transport: SharedTransport(key)}
+}
+
+// PoolStats returns the number of active transport entries.
+func PoolStats() int {
+	transportsMu.Lock()
+	defer transportsMu.Unlock()
+	return len(transports)
+}
+
+// ClosePool closes all idle connections in all transports and clears the pool.
+func ClosePool() {
+	transportsMu.Lock()
+	defer transportsMu.Unlock()
+	for _, t := range transports {
+		t.CloseIdleConnections()
+	}
+	transports = make(map[string]*http.Transport)
+}